retinal detachment nursing management ppt

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Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is a common condition with an increasing incidence, related to the ageing demographics of many populations and the rising global prevalence of myopia, both well known risk factors. A cataract then forms as oxygen uptake is reduced, water content . Microbiology Diabetes & Endocrinology Nursing Healthcare Management Neuroscience Immunology . In addition . CRYOPEXY Uses nitrous oxide to freeze the tissue behind the retinal tear. . The dry or atrophic form is characterized by atrophic pigment epithelial changes and is most often associated with slow, progressive, and mild vision loss. Related . It is to determine the configuration of the detachment as shallow, flat or bullous 51. Encourage the patient no to cough or sneeze or to perform other strain-inducing . Neovascularization from branch or central retinal vein occlusion (4-16 percent) Sickle cell retinopathy (0.2-6 percent) Rupture of Normal Vessels. This creates scarring that usually binds (welds) the retina to the underlying tissue. 5. Prepare to administer osmotic agents. retinal detachment - surgical management - need for immediate surg to correct - wait too long and permanent loss of vision goal - seal hole and place retina back cryopexy to seal hole scleral buckling to place retina back in contact with sclera use of air bubble to keep retina in contact with sclera careful positioning of head may go home Diabetic macular edema (DME) is the most common cause of vision loss in patients with diabetic retinopathy with an increasing prevalence tied to the global epidemic in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Prepare to administer carbonic anhydrase inhibitors IV or IM, to restrict production of aqueous humor. They'll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance - the kind of sophisticated look that today's audiences expect. The decision to start, stop, or adjust a medication is often a gray area and may be approached differently by different eye care providers. Exudative retinal detachments . It is thickest around the optic nerve and ends at the ora serrata, 5-7 mm behind the limbus. Primary Management by the Anterior Segment Surgeon: The first step in management is to recognize the posterior capsular (PC) tear early. Chronically elevated blood sugars are known to damage retinal capillaries and alter retinal blood flow. Retinal tear (11-44 percent) Trauma (12-19 percent) Posterior vitreous detachment with retinal vascular tear (4-12 percent) Retinal detachment (7-10 percent) Terson's syndrome (0.5-1 . [1] Glaucoma is defined as an acquired loss of . . Summarize the action and uses of drug therapy for treating problems of the eyes and ears. Fig 1 The retina lines the internal surface of the posterior two thirds of the globe. Specifically, hypertension may lead to multiple adverse effects to the eye that can inevitably cause cause retinopathy, optic neuropathy, and choroidopathy. Retinal detachment is a serious eye condition that happens when your retina pulls away from the tissue around it. Retinal Detachment Separation of sensory layer from pigmented layer of eyeball Results in complete or partial loss of vision . 4. Signs of Posterior Capsular rupture: [5] 1. 9 People with high myopia have longer eyes (axial elongation), which means that the retina is more stretched and therefore prone to peripheral retinal tears. it has two types of photoreceptors cells ; the rods and the cones. Elaborate on the general preoperative and postoperative care of patients undergoing surgery of the eye or ear. In traction retinal detachment, the source of traction must be removed and the sensory retina reattached. It is separation of the sensory retina and the underlying pigments, with fluid accumulation between the two layers. The retina . Occurs when the retina detaches from the back of the eye. Retina survival depends on the degree of collateralization and the duration of retinal ischemia. when retina detaches, it separates from the backwall of the eye and is removed from its blood supplyand source of nutrition.the retina will degenerateand lose its ability to function if it remains detached.central If it becomes bilateral, it is known as bilateral . Objectives: AAV vectors are widely used in gene therapy, but the prevalence of neutralizing antibodies raised against AAV serotypes in the course of a natural infection, as well as innate and adaptive immune responses induced upon vector administration, is still considered an important limitation. The . The term rhegmatogenous is derived from the Greek word rhegma, which means a discontinuity or a break. Traction retinal detachment . Provide information regarding management of glaucoma. Complex PVR retinal detachments, diabetic tractional retinal detachments, and giant retinal tears may now be addressed with a true bimanual approach.We favor the use of a lighted infusion cannula to provide additional illumination for difficult cases such as the one described. Types Rhegmatogenous detachment . There are two types of age-related macular degeneration that occur. Hypertension is a risk factor for systemic conditions that can lead to target-organ damage. Learn more about the types, causes, risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment . . * Determine nature of visual symptoms, onset, and degree of visual loss. Our procedure in both these periods is discussed in reference to the immobilization of the patient in bed, immobilization of the eyes, the period of the treatment depending on the extent of the detachment, the localization of the tears and application of surgical methods. Previously untreatable, RRD now achieves primary surgical success rates of over 80%-90% with complex cases also amenable to treatment. Nursing Management. - Tx. Because cataract surgery increases the risk of retinal detachment, the patient must know to notify the surgeon if new floaters in vision, flashing lights, decrease in vision, pain, or increase in . World's Best PowerPoint Templates - CrystalGraphics offers more PowerPoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. PURPOSE: To determine the incidence and possible causes of a late recurrence of a retinal detachment (RD) in eyes with stages 4B and 5 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), in which the retina was once reattached by lensectomy and vitrectomy METHODS: The medical records of 124 eyes of 99 infants and children <2 years of age at the time of initial . Myopia - Also known as short sightedness. Retinal Detachment Articles Case Reports Symptoms Treatment, Germany. RETINAL DETACHMENT The detachment produces a bright continuous, folded appearance with insertion into the disc and ora serrata. Winner of the Standing Ovation Award for "Best PowerPoint Templates" from Presentations Magazine. With oxygen demand reduced, there is less ischaemia and consequently less production of growth factors which drive new vessel formation. Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness for people over the age of 60. These skills should include home blood-glucose monitoring, self-adjustment of flexible insulin regimens, self-examination and care of feet. brief anatomy of the retina the retina is a thin semitransparent layer of nerve tissue that forms the innermost lining of the eye. Retinal detachment (see the image below) refers to separation of the inner layers of the retina from the underlying retinal pigment epithelium (RPE, choroid). Retinal . The prevalence of glaucoma increases with age. It may result from trauma or disease. neurons make up the major part. Definition Retinal detachment is a disorder of the eye in which the retina peels away from its underlying layer of support tissue. cannot reverse damage to the optic nerve, but further damage can be controlled - Medications - Surgical Management Nursing Management - Self management - Adherence to treatment regime - Education This damage is often caused by an abnormally high pressure in your eye. Affects premature babies. Promoting comfort- If gas tamponade is used to flatten the retina the patient may have to be specially positioned to make the gas bubble float into the best position . They'll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance - the kind of sophisticated look that today's audiences expect. Recent clinical trials demonstrated that brolucizumab compared favorably to aflibercept in the management of CNV due to exudative age-related macular degeneration. [Pre- and postoperative management of patients with retinal detachment] Our procedure in both these periods is discussed in reference to the immobilization of the patient in bed, immobilization of the eyes, the period of the treatment depending on the extent of the detachment, the localization of the tears and application of surgical methods. Macular degeneration is a progressive eye disease wherein the central portion of the retina gradually deteriorates. Etiology of Glaucoma: Glaucoma is the result of inadequate drainage of aqueous humor from the anterior chamber of the eye. Patient education is paramount to improve comprehension of the condition, recommended treatment modalities, and compliance with . The lens opacity reduces visual acuity. Studies by Sohan Hayreh, MD, PhD (Emeritus faculty, vascular) demonstrate that the retina is able to tolerate up to 90 minutes of non-perfusion before permanant damage. The prevalence of glaucoma increases with age. 2. The retina then converts the image into neural impulses and sends them to the brain via the optic nerve (the nerve connecting the eye to the brain).Retinal detachment is the separation of the retina from the tissues underneath it. Glaucoma is a condition where an accumulation of fluid in the eye increases the intraocular pressure resulting in optic nerve damage. Macular degeneration is a progressive eye disease wherein the central portion of the retina gradually deteriorates. 34 SURGICAL MANAGEMENT RETINAL TEAR 1. Physical Preparation. And unless the retina is reattached soon, permanent vision loss may result. Glaucoma is the second leading cause of permanent blindness in the United States and occurs most often in older adults. The outermost layer abuts the vitreal cavity and the innermost layer, the choroid. The optimal management for RRD . Discuss preoperative and postoperative teaching for immediate surgical opening of the eye chamber. When light passes through your eye, the lens focuses an image on your retina. Recent loss, loss over a long period, or long-standing loss have different implications for nursing intervention and the patient's level of . Moreover, hypertension can also cause occlusion of major retinal vessels such as . The most common type in the United States is primary, open-angle glaucoma (POAG). The retina is a light-sensitive, transparent tissue located in the back of the eye. A rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) occurs when a tear in the retina leads to fluid accumulation with a separation of the neurosensory retina from the underlying RPE; this is the most common type of retinal detachment. Nursing Management. The wet type is characterized by subretinal . In ocular gene therapy, vectors applied subretinally bear the risk of retinal detachment or . Retinal detachment occurs when the forces of retinal attachment are overcome and fluid accumulates in the subretinal space. RETINAL DETACHMENT / . The incidence of macular degeneration, cataracts, retinal detachments, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma increase with aging. Nursing management Educating the patient & providing supportive care helping the patient to cope up with fears & reality of loss of vision & adapt to changes in vision. The dry or atrophic form is characterized by atrophic pigment epithelial changes and is most often associated with slow, progressive, and mild vision loss. World's Best PowerPoint Templates - CrystalGraphics offers more PowerPoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. Nursing Management: Caution the patient to avoid bumping head. The risk of blindness is 25 times greater in diabetics than nondiabetics. Distant images are brought to a focus in front of the retina instead of on it. . Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Syndrome 3 phases:1. Medical, laser, and surgical interventions have the potential to enhance greatly the prognosis of maintaining useful vision throughout life. 2 secondary intraretinal cysts may develop if the rd has been present for about 1 year; these tend to disappear after retinal Nursing Management. A cataract is an opacity of the lens that distorts image projected onto the retina and that can progress to blindness. RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT 54. Adeno-associated virus-mediated delivery of amyloid antibody for treatment of age-related retinal degenerative diseases PPT Version | PDF Version; Vijaya Juturu . relief of vitreoretinal traction remains the most critical and perhaps the most difficult step in the surgical management of such diseases. The patient with cataract should receive the usual preoperative care for ambulatory surgical patients undergoing eye surgery. Prehospital Care When patients with retinal detachment or their family member contacts their physician, they should be advised to do the following: Keep the patient NPO (absolutely no solid foods. Harad disease: Neurological features andretinal detachment Irritation encephalopathy Auditory symptoms CSF lymphocytosis. Retinal detachment is when the neurosensory retina loses adherence to the underlying retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). It enabled us to shorten th Laser surgery can repair a retinal tear or hole. fExudative, serous, A detached retina is a serious and sight-threatening event. TRD most often occurs in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), proliferative vitreoretinopathy (retinopathy of prematurity; ROP). Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve, the health of which is vital for good vision. Caution is warranted because high rates of retinal detachment, proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), macular holes, recurrent CNV, cystoid macular edema (CME), and hemorrhage . Standard 3 encourages the empowerment of people with diabetes through education, shared management planning and development of self-management skills, to achieve the best possible diabetes control. Nursing Management of Clients with Stressors of Sensory Function NUR133 Lecture # 14 K. Burger, MSEd, MSN, RN, CNE. 7. The outer portion of the neurosensory retina is where the . . The risk of developing a retinal detachment is five or six times greater in people with high myopia (OR >20) compared to those with low myopia (OR <4). Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is a common cause of vision loss in older individuals, and the second most common retinal vascular disease after diabetic retinopathy.There are two distinct types, classified according to the site of occlusion: in central RVO (CRVO), the occlusion is at or proximal to the lamina cribrosa of the optic nerve, where the central retinal vein . The Premature Infant:Nursing Assessment and Management,2nd Edition Lyn E. Vargo, PhD, NNP, RNC Carol Wiltgen Trotter, PhD, NNP, RNC Slides prepared by Margaret Comerford Freda, EdD, RN, CHES, FAAN. Early recognition reduces the chances of vitreous loss and dropped fragment. 6. EXUDATIVE RETINAL DETACHMENT 52. Microbiology Diabetes & Endocrinology Nursing Healthcare Management Neuroscience Immunology . chisis, macular hole with or without retinal detachment, peripapillary deformation, dome-shaped macula, choroidal/scleral thinning, myopic choroidal neovascularization, and glaucoma. Immediate laser treatment of a new retinal tear can decrease the chance of it causing a retinal detachment. Common Nursing Diagnoses for patients with Impaired Vision : . The presence of hemorrhages, cotton wool spots, and venous beadings are documented as well. --.ppt . Retinal detachment occurs when the retina, a light-sensitive membrane, separates from the back of the eye.. Alopecia, vitiligo. (3) After the patient has been taken to surgery, prepare a post-op bed . * * * * * * * * retina light-sensitive layer of tissue sends visual messages through the optic nerve pulled away from the underlying choroid small areas of the retina torn => retinal tears or retinal breaks retinal cells deprived of oxygen if not promptly treated => permanent vision loss symptoms floaters - bits of debris in field of Because cataract surgery increases the risk of retinal detachment, the patient must know to notify the surgeon if new floaters in vision, flashing lights, decrease in vision, pain, or increase in . A cherry-red spot at the macula in central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) or well-perfused macula in the presence of a cilioretinal artery in 20 % of the population. This study investigated the prevalence and risk factors of vitreomacular interface disorders (VMID) in PDR. Conclusion: This information will be helpful for the daily practice of treating . Diabetic retinopathy is a chronic and progressive complication of diabetes that can threaten sight. Detached Retina. Hypoxic damage ultimately promotes the proliferation of abnormal new vessels that are . The wet type is characterized by subretinal . Light is focused on the retina by the cornea and the lens. Next to central retinal artery occlusion, chemical burns to the eye, and endophthalmitis, it is one of the most time-critical eye emergencies encountered in the emergency setting. . The retina is the innermost layer of tissue of the posterior portion of the eye. Retinal Detachment Articles Case Reports Symptoms Treatment, Israel. It can be unilateral or bilateral. As the eye ages, the lens loses water and increases in size and density, causing compression of lens fibers. Medical management of glaucoma is an art form. Random Its pathophysiology starts with decreased retinal oxygen tension that manifests as retinal capillary hyperpermeability and increased intravascular . Two kinds of glaucoma are open-angle and angle-closure. Adeno-associated virus-mediated delivery of amyloid antibody for treatment of age-related retinal degenerative diseases PPT Version | PDF Version; Vijaya Juturu . [1] There are four general categories of adult glaucoma: primary open-angle and angle-closure, and the secondary open and angle closure glaucoma. This article will review these complications and discuss the current concepts relating to these complications and their treatments. Your surgeon uses a laser to heat small pinpoints on the retina. The condition is also seen in patients with Marfan and Ehlers Danlos syndromes. Uveitic phase - Bilateral anterior uveitis- granulomatous - Bilateral posterior uveitis- disc edema &multifocal retinal detachments. This results in areas of ischaemia and retinal injury. It is composed of multiple cellular layers. Retinal detachment. patient with Meniere's Disease Risk for injury Risk for fluid volume deficit Anxiety Ineffective therapeutic regimen management . Disease Entity Definition. 2. Description. Some suggest alternating 10-15 seconds of firm pressure with release of the pressure to allow perfusion of the central retinal artery. Materials and Methods: In total, 56 eyes with refractory glaucoma after SO tamponade that underwent either CPC or GDD implantation were retrospectively evaluated. Anatomy of eyeball 5. Retinal diseases in children include: Retinopathy of Prematurity. Glaucoma Diagnosis Gap in India highlights, about 1.2 million have been rendered blind and at least 12 million are affected. Vitreomacular interface plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Discuss the nursing measures that promote the health of the eyes and ears. It is an important cause of retinal detachment (present in 40% of cases), especially in young myopic patients. Sealing the hole by stimulating an inflammatory response leading to adhesions 35 SURGICAL MANAGEMENT RETINAL TEAR 2. Glaucoma Diagnosis Gap in India highlights, about 1.2 million have been rendered blind and at least 12 million are affected. March of Dimes Objective HealthyPeople Objective Preterm Births United States Percent 27 percent increase from 1981 to 2001. 4. . Retinal vascular box carrying or cattle track. Acute retinal necrosis (ARN) is characterized by peripheral necrotizing retinitis usually due to infection with varicella-zoster virus (VZV), herpes simplex virus (HSV I or II). Presbycusis . . The patient with cataract should receive the usual preoperative care for ambulatory surgical patients undergoing eye surgery. Macular hole retinal detachment in highly myopic eyes is one of the most difficult types of retinal detachment to treat, and its primary treatment choice is still controversial, although the different surgical techniques reported in this review have been demonstrated as good surgical options. RHEGMATOGENOUS RD 53. Eye DisordersNursing Assessment History: Acuity changes, blurring, diplopia, photophobia, pain, use of gtts or other eye meds, hx of trauma, familial eye disease, occupational risks Risk Factors for Eye Disorders: Aging process, DM, HTN, HIV, +++others, Medications . Typically, acute retinal necrosis occurs in immunocompetent individuals, however, it can occur in immunocompromised patients also. Ablatio Retina dr. Yanuar Sp.M.ppt - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (.ppt / .pptx), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or view presentation slides online. Introduction. RATINALDETACHMENT Retinal detachment refers to the separation of the RPE from the sensory layer. There are two types of age-related macular degeneration that occur. (1) A bowel prep is done the evening prior to surgery to prevent the patient from straining at stool during the immediate post-op period. This is intended to be a used as an easily portable reference. compare the surgical outcome of GDD implantation and diode laser CPC in the management of refractory glaucoma following vitrectomy with silicone oil (SO) injection. long-standing retinal detachment the following are the main features of a long-standing rhegmatogenous rd: 1 retinal thinning secondary to atrophy is a characteristic finding which must not be mistaken for retinoschisis. INTRAOCULAR TAMPONADES Sudden deepening of the anterior chamber, with slight dilation of the pupil. This treatment aims to reduce the overall retinal oxygen requirements by causing intentional ablation of the outer peripheral retina (not responsible for fine visual acuity). View Retinal Detachment.docx from EDUC 1313 at Tyler Junior College. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmic examination and . [4] Retinal emboli. retinaldetachment definition: separation of the neuro sensory retina from theretinal pigmented epithelium (rpe) by subretinalfluid. It causes moderate to severe abnormal blood vessel growth in the retina that may require surgery. retinal detachment, Vitrectomy, pars plana Unformatted text preview: Surgical management In all retinal detachments, an attempt is made to reattach the sensory retina to the retinal pigment epithelium surgically. Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is the sudden blockage of the central retinal artery, resulting in retinal hypoperfusion, rapidly progressive cellular damage, and vision loss. ,Hydrocephalus Hyperemia/ischemia Thrombosis cerebral hemorrhage cerebral hernia,headache dazzle nausea vomit,Hypopsia retinal detachment Cortical blindness Dysesthesia Confusion of thinking,Eclampsia convulsion coma,brain Vasospasm permeability,,kidney,renal vasospasm,renal blood .